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Centrifuges are high-frequency sample preparation devices widely used in laboratories, and their operational stability directly affects experimental efficiency and sample safety. To help users better operate and maintain Welso centrifuges and reduce downtime caused by misoperation or false alarms, this guide systematically summarizes common error codes, possible causes, and corresponding solutions encountered during operation.

I. Operation & Safety-Related Errors

E1 | Imbalance Alarm

Cause: Imbalance protection input switch is triggered

Solution: Check the imbalance detection switch and wiring (no alarm should occur when the imbalance protection line is disconnected)

E2 | Overspeed Protection

Cause: Speed signal interference or excessively fast acceleration; speed exceeds the maximum set value by more than 500 rpm for 2 consecutive seconds

Solution: Check the speed sensor wiring and reduce the acceleration level

E3 | Lid Open Error

Cause: Lid signal cable not properly connected or lid switch malfunction

Solution: Check the lid switch and related wiring

E4 | Hall Sensor Fault

Cause: Motor Hall cable not properly connected or Hall sensor damaged

Solution: Inspect and reconnect the Hall cable, replace if necessary

II. Motor & Drive-Related Errors

E5 | Brake Overvoltage

Cause: Brake resistor not connected or damaged

Solution: Check the brake resistor and reduce the deceleration (DEC) setting if necessary

E6 | Overcurrent Protection

Cause:

Acceleration too fast under load

Drive board malfunction or excessively high external power voltage

Motor failure

Solution: Reduce the acceleration (ACC) setting and inspect the drive board, power supply, and motor

E7 | No Speed Signal

Cause: No speed feedback signal detected

Solution: Check whether the motor Hall cable is properly connected

E17 | Drive Over-Temperature Protection

Cause: Drive board module temperature too high (specific to 400 W drive boards)

Solution: It is recommended to contact the manufacturer for professional inspection

E26 | Motor Stall

Cause: Drive board fails to detect motor operation

Solution: Check motor wiring and motor condition

E27 | Drive Overspeed

Cause: Acceleration too fast or improper parameter settings

Solution: Reduce acceleration speed and adjust parameters

E29 | Braking Circuit Fault

Cause: Brake resistor not connected or damaged

Solution: Check the brake resistor or replace the drive board if necessary

III. Communication, Power & Temperature-Related Errors

E8 | Communication Error

Cause: Communication failure between the display board and drive board

Solution: Check the communication cables, especially both connectors; inspect the drive board if needed

E9 | Overvoltage Alarm

Cause: External power supply exceeds AC 242 V

Solution: Ensure the power supply voltage is within the specified range

E10 | Temperature Measurement Error

Cause: Temperature sensor poor contact or damage

Solution: Reconnect or replace the temperature sensor

E19 | Undervoltage Protection

Cause: Input power voltage too low

Solution: Ensure stable and adequate power supply

IV. Rotor Identification & Configuration Errors

E11 | Target Speed Not Reached

Cause:

BLDC motor: target speed not reached within 5 minutes

Non-BLDC motor: target speed not reached within the set acceleration time + 1 minute

Solution: It is recommended to contact the manufacturer’s technical support

E12 | No Rotor Signal

Cause: Rotor identification Hall sensor poor contact, or incorrect magnet direction or distance

Solution: Check the Hall sensor, reinstall the magnet, and adjust the installation distance

E13 | Rotor Signal Missing

Cause: Only one Hall magnet signal detected; the other signal is missing

Solution: Adjust the magnet direction and distance from the Hall sensor; magnet angle should not be between 175° and 180°

E14 | Rotor Mismatch

Cause: Identified rotor angle does not match the current centrifuge model

Solution: Contact the manufacturer to confirm rotor compatibility

E16 | Rotor Setting Error

Cause: Configured rotor does not match the installed rotor

Solution: Verify and correct the rotor setting

V. Locking, Transmission & Other System Errors

E18 | Lock Position Signal Invalid

Cause: Lock feedback signal not detected within the specified time

Solution: Check the detection wiring and locking mechanism

E20 | Record Export Failure

Cause: USB flash drive not inserted, not fully inserted, not properly formatted, or loose connection

Solution: Check the USB drive status, formatting, and connection

E21 | Unlock Timeout

Cause: Unlock action exceeds the allowed time without detecting the unlock position

Solution: Check the detection wiring

E22 | Lock Timeout

Cause: Lock action exceeds the allowed time without detecting the lock position

Solution: Check the detection wiring

E23 | Limit Switch Error

Cause: Both open and close limit signals detected simultaneously

Solution: Inspect the limit switch wiring

E24 | Transmission Fault

Cause: Transmission protection input switch is triggered

Solution: Check the transmission protection interface

E25 | Inverter Fault

Cause: Inverter protection signal triggered

Solution: Check the inverter protection interface

E28 | Moment of Inertia Identification Error

Cause: System identification abnormality

Solution: It is recommended to contact the manufacturer for assistance

Conclusion

Correct identification and timely handling of error codes are essential for ensuring safe centrifuge operation and extending equipment service life. For basic issues, users may follow the troubleshooting steps above. If the problem involves core components, parameter configuration, or repeated alarms that cannot be resolved, it is strongly recommended to contact Welso technical support for professional and efficient assistance.

For more application tips, maintenance guidance, and product updates on Welso centrifuges, please continue to follow our technical resources.